Review: Bluetone Black King Reverb

Finnish boutique amplifier company Bluetone Custom Amplifiers offers a wide range of different all-valve guitar amplifiers, from gnarly tweed-style combos to the full-on assault of modern high-gain Metal machines.

Over the last few years Bluetone’s dynamic duo of Harry Kneckt and Lauri Vuojolahti seem to have hit on a winning concept with their range of amplifiers with the word ”Black” as the first word in their name.

It all started in 2021, when Bluetone introduced a thoroughly updated version of the Black Prince Reverb. That particular model – which is basically a handmade cross between a Fender Blackface Princeton and a Deluxe, coupled with a very versatile power amp section – has very quickly become the company’s top selling model. This success has spawned several smaller Black Prince models, which have also become very popular. I own a Black Prince Reverb myself, and it has become my go-to guitar amplifier.

When Harry told me that Bluetone was about to introduce a new model – called the Black King Reverb – that would combine a Fender Vibro-King’s preamp section with Bluetone’s Black Prince-power amp, I was very eager to test drive one.

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I’m a huge admirer of Pete Townshend’s (The Who) oeuvre, and he has been using Fender Vibro-Kings as his live amps, ever since they were introduced in the mid-1990s.

The first couple of Bluetone Black King combos were sold as quickly as the guys could make them, but now I’ve finally managed to grab one for a couple of days.

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The Bluetone Black King Reverb (current price: 1,900 €) is twin-speaker all-tube combo, loaded with a pair of 10-inch speakers, but it still weighs in at less than 14 kilos. Most of the musician-friendly weight reduction is down to Bluetone using solid paulownia wood for its cabinets. Paulownia is an ecologically viable species that offers a superior strength-to-weight ratio for amplifier and speaker cabinets.

As mentioned before, the Black King lifts its extremely flexible power amp section from Bluetone’s Black Prince combo. The power amp runs off a pair of valves – virtually all available octal power tubes can be dropped in without the need for rebiasing. A pair of 6L6GCs or EL34s will give you approximately 28 to 30 watts of output power, while a pair of 6V6GTs will drop the output down to about 14 watts. Refer to the manual for details.

The Black King’s preamp is built around three 12AX7, but will also take other valves from the 12A_7-range, if you want to experiment with different gain structures (again, refer to the manual).

The toroidal power transformer (the black doughnut in the far left) is another long-standing hallmark of Bluetone amplifiers, which cuts down on the amp’s weight, as well as reducing hum interference noticeably.

The Black King Reverb normally leaves Bluetone’s workshop with a pair of 10-inch Warehouse Guitar Speakers Veterans, but – Bluetone being a custom builder – you can also request different speakers, should you so desire.

The long reverb tank is installed to the bottom of the combo’s cabinet.

Despite making all-valve amplifiers, Harry and Lauri are all about hard technical facts, leaving all the snake oil and tube voodoo for others. In the Black King’s case this means – among other things – that the reverb’s signal path is using their unique op-amp-powered circuit, for a cleaner, more dynamic and hiss-free tone.

For a single-channel combo Bluetone’s Black King Reverb offers plenty of scope for adjustment:

The preamp section sports controls for volume and 3-band EQ with an additional two mini-switches for Bright- and Fat-boosts. Everything does what it says on the tin, offering a wide variety of fantastic guitar tones that keep the core character of each guitar intact.

The Black King is a reverb connoisseur’s nirvana, not only offering a top-quality full-length spring tank, but also a full set of three controls for maximum tonal range. Dwell adjusts how hard you drive the spring reverb’s input – higher Dwell-settings will result in longer reverb times, as well as more saturation. Tone controls the tone of the reverb’s output, from dark to bright, while Mix lets you choose how much of the Black King’s super lush reverb will be used to bolster your guitar signal.

The output section offers you controls for the Band King’s scrumptious bias-modulated tremolo, the level of the solo-boost, and the master volume control. As the master volume is placed after the phase inverter stage, setting the master control to full will remove it completely from the power amp’s circuit.

All three amp effects – tremolo, soolo-boost, and reverb – are switched on or off with the supplied three-switch foot-switching unit.

There’s a lot going on on the Bluetone Black King Reverb’s back panel:

There’s an unbalanced line level output with its dedicated signal level control, so you can plug the combo straight into a speaker modeller. If you need to go completely silent, for example in the studio, the Black King includes a built-in switchable dummy load.

Next to the three speaker outputs we can find a mini-switch labelled ”NFB On/Off”. This allows you to choose whether or not you want to run so-called negative feedback in the combo’s power amp section.

A negative feedback loop will normally ”clean up” the power amp’s sonic footprint, giving you less power amp distortion and more clarity and articulation, while turning it off will give you a gnarlier and more distorted character. A wide generalisation would be that negative feedback takes the amp closer to Blackface territory, while no negative feedback gives it more of a Tweed- or Vox-style accent. Of course, your choice of power amp valves also has an important bearing on the overall character of the Black King.

The Bluetone Black King Reverb ticks all the right boxes in my book.

The Black King offers some of the best clean sounds you are likely to experience, regardless of the type of guitar or pickup you throw at it. The genuine spring reverb is simply fantastic, and may even prove to be a dealbreaker in comparison to many other combos. The tremolo effect is luscious, with plenty of scope for adjustment of both speed and depth.

The overdriven/distorted tones you can glean from the Bluetone Black King Reverb are pleasantly gritty, but if you don’t like them, no problem – the Black King also loves pedal effects.

In my view, the Black King Reverb’s clean tones are this combo’s biggest forte. There’s plenty of headroom on offer, and the character is definitely in the Blackface-vein. There’s plenty of dynamic range on offer and the amp’s basic voice is big and open, seasoned with a crystal-clear top end. The three-band EQ offers more than enough scope for tone-shaping, and the Bright- and Fat-boosts work like a dream. What’s not to like?

For less than two grand you can get yourself a hand-made boutique valve combo that’s very versatile and great sounding. This is hands down one of the best amps you will find in its class, and it’s offered at a very fair price.

Here’s a demo song featuring the brand-new Bluetone Black King Reverb combo. The track is a short cover of the Who’s classic medley ”See Me, Feel Me/Listening To You”.
All guitar tracks recorded with the Bluetone Black King Reverb, without any additional pedals. The amp was miked with a Shure SM7B running into a Cranborne Audio Camden EC2.
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”See Me, Feel Me” – Guitars
• rhythm guitar (stereo left): Fender Japan 50s Stratocaster Reissue
• rhythm guitar (stereo right): Epiphone G-400 (SG Standard)
• lead guitar: Fender Japan 50s Stratocaster Reissue
”Listening To You” – Guitars
• rhythm guitar (stereo left): Fender Japan 50s Stratocaster Reissue
• rhythm guitar (stereo right): Epiphone G-400 (SG Standard)
• lead and harmony guitars: Gibson Melody Maker SG
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• bass guitar: Rickenbacker 4003 plugged straight into the Cranborne preamp

Bluetone Black King Reverb ++ Testi tulossa ++ Working on a review

Here’s a demo song featuring the brand-new Bluetone Black King Reverb combo. The track is a short cover of the Who’s classic medley ”See Me, Feel Me/Listening To You”.
All guitar tracks recorded with the Bluetone Black King Reverb, without any additional pedals. The amp was miked with a Shure SM7B running into a Cranborne Audio Camden EC2.
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”See Me, Feel Me” – Guitars
• rhythm guitar (stereo left): Fender Japan 50s Stratocaster Reissue
• rhythm guitar (stereo right): Epiphone G-400 (SG Standard)
• lead guitar: Fender Japan 50s Stratocaster Reissue
”Listening To You” – Guitars
• rhythm guitar (stereo left): Fender Japan 50s Stratocaster Reissue
• rhythm guitar (stereo right): Epiphone G-400 (SG Standard)
• lead and harmony guitars: Gibson Melody Maker SG
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• bass guitar: Rickenbacker 4003 plugged straight into the Cranborne preamp

Review: Bluetone Atlantis Reverb

Here’s a demo of the Bluetone Atlantis Reverb combo. The demo is a cover version of the classic Fleetwood Mac track ”Albatross”.
• All guitar tracks have been recorded with the Bluetone Atlantis Reverb combo
• Guitars used: Epiphone Casino (main melody, stereo centre), Hamer USA Studio Custom (harmony melody, panned left and right; rhythm guitar), Squier Bullet Stratocaster (slide parts)
• Mic used: Shure 545SD
• Preamp used: Cranborne Audio Camden EC2

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All pre-WWII guitar amps are muddy-sounding and uninspiring pieces of junk. Right? No, wrong!

Granted, some of those old-timers are almost completely geared towards clean Jazz tones, but you might be surprised by some of the forward-thinking features many of the early guitar amplifiers include.

The brand-new Bluetone Atlantis Reverb combo (1,950 €) is a handcrafted Finnish all-valve amp, that is based on one of the most fascinating old designs, the Gibson EH-185 (c. 1940). The original Gibson combo included an active two-band tone stack, which is a feature still only found in a handful of guitar amp designs.

For Bluetone’s Harry and Lauri the ball started rolling, when a customer ordered a quasi-replica of the EH-185 from Bluetone. Intrigued by the challenge, the guys came up with a number of ways to realise the vintage circuit with modern components.

The Bluetone Atlantis Reverb takes these updated circuits, and combines them with a number of Bluetone’s modern features, to arrive at a modern and roadworthy alternative to the late-1930s original.

This is what the Atlantis Reverb looks like on the inside – super clean workmanship and top-notch components in a easy-to-service PCB layout.

The Atlantis is a single-channel guitar amp; the input section comprises controls for volume (gain) and the two-band active EQ (cut and boost), as well as a switchable preamp boost and a Bright-switch.

The effect section features an Accutronics spring reverb unit and Bluetone’s own, beautiful bias-modulated tremolo. Both effects can be switched on and off.

The output section sports a switchable Solo-boost and a post phase-inverter Master-volume control. The post phase-inverter design means that turning the Master full up takes the control out of the circuit completely.

The back panel offers additional speaker outputs, an unbalanced line-level output – with its own, built-in dummy load and level control – as well as the DIN-port for the footswitch unit.

A three-switch footswitch unit is included with the Atlantis Reverb combo, as is the necessary cable.

The Bluetone Atlantis’ preamp isn’t your run-in-the-mill 12AX7-based design, but instead runs a pair of NOS 6SL7-tubes and one 6SN7 to achieve its special tones. Both models were very popular among tube HiFi enthusiasts in the 1990s, but are extremely rarely seen in modern guitar amps.

The power amp can run most of the common octal power amp valves, such as the 6V6GT, the EL34, the 5881 or the KT66. The design is cathode-biased, which means you can drop in a new pair of tubes without the need for manual biasing. The only thing to remember is that if you want to use a pair of 6V6GTs you have to put the small switch (hidden in the picture by the back panel) to ”6V6GT” to prevent any damage to the amp. All other valves are supposed run on the 6L6GC setting.

From the workshop the Bluetone Atlantis Reverb comes equipped with a pair of 6L6GCs, giving you a Fender-style power amp with an output somewhere between 25 and 30 watts.

The black round thing in the picture’s right-hand corner is a toroidal mains transformer. The guys at Bluetone swear by toroidal mains transformers, because of their reduced weight, great reliability and superior (read: lower) hum-induction levels.

The combo’s cabinet is a traditional Fender-type open-back design. The speaker is a 12-inch Celestion Neo Creamback unit rated at 60 watts.

The cabinet is made of lightweight and ecologically sound solid paulownia wood, making the Bluetone Atlantis Reverb far lighter to carry than what you’d expect from a 12-inch speaker equipped traditional design.

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Here’s a demo based on Santana’s classic ”Samba Pa Ti”.
• Guitar: Hamer USA Studio Custom (no effect pedals were used)
• Mic: Shure 545SD
• Preamp: Universal Audio Volt 2

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The Bluetone Atlantis Reverb combo’s forte definitely lies in its clean and break-up tones. The cleans have a charming chime to them that’s all their own – the sound, at least to my ears, is even sweeter than on a Fender ”Blackface” offering a lot of three-dimensional depth to your playing.

The two-band active EQ allows you to tailor the amp perfectly to any guitar you might pick, proving to be a very effective tool both on stage and in recording situations.

Overdriven sounds have their charms, too, as long as you don’t expect any creamy distortion from the Atlantis Reverb on its own. This combo’s crunch is of the late-Sixties/early-Seventies type, perfect for early-Santana, classic The Who, or T. Rex style excursions, which put dynamics and attitude front and centre.

The Atlantis also works exceedingly well with all types of effect pedals.

If you have an opportunity to test drive one of these beautiful handcrafted gems, you should definitely grab it!

Bluetone Atlantis Reverb – Demo Song 2

Here’s another demo of the Bluetone Atlantis Reverb.
It’s a cover version of Santana’s classic ”Samba Pa Ti”.
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• Guitar: Hamer USA Studio Custom (no effect pedals used)
• Mic: Shure 545SD
• Preamp: Universal Audio Volt 2

Bluetone Atlantis Reverb ++ Working on a review ++ Testi tulossa

Here’s a demo of the Bluetone Atlantis Reverb combo – a handmade Finnish valve combo, based on a Gibson EH-185.
The demo is a cover version of the classic Fleetwood Mac track ”Albatross”.
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• All guitar tracks have been recorded with the Bluetone Atlantis Reverb combo
• Guitars used: Epiphone Casino (main melody, stereo centre), Hamer USA Studio Custom (harmony melody, panned left and right; rhythm guitar), Squier Bullet Stratocaster (slide parts)
• Mic used: Shure 545SD
• Preamp used: Cranborne Audio Camden EC2

Bluetonen Atlantis Reverb -kombo on käsintehty suomalainen putkivahvistin, joka perustuu Gibson EH-185 -malliin nykyaikaisilla parannuksilla.
Demobiisi on coverversio Fleetwood Macin klassikosta ”Albatross”.
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• Kaikki kitararaidat on soitettu Bluetone Atlantis Reverb -kombon läpi
• Kitarat: Epiphone Casino (päämelodia, stereokuvassa keskellä), Hamer USA Studio Custom (kaksiääninen melodia, vasemmalla ja oikealla, sekä komppikitara keskellä), Squier Bullet Stratocaster (bottleneck-kitara)
• Mikrofoni: Shure 545SD
• Esivahvistin: Cranborne Audio Camden EC2

Työn alla Rockway-blogille: Pienet harjoitusvahvistimet

Here’s a demo song featuring six small practice amps. Each amp is used for the three guitar tracks in each section:
• Rhythm guitar (left channel) – Fender (Japan) ’62 Telecaster Custom Reissue
• Rhythm guitar (right) – Arvo Guitars Arvo Original
• Lead guitar – Hamer USA Studio Custom
All effects on the guitar tracks come from the amps themselves.
• Bass guitar – Spector NS Pulse I
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The practice amps are:
Yamaha THR5 Version 2
Vox Pathfinder 10
Mooer Hornet Black
Marshall MG15FX Gold
Kustom Mod-L20
Blackstar Debut 15E
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The guitar tracks were recorded with a Shure SM7B and a Cranborne Audio Camden EC2 into a Universal Audio Volt 2 audio interface.

Shure dynaamiset klassikot – ammattilaisten luottotyökalut vuodesta 1939

Meidän superlatiivisessa nykymaailmassa on vaikea yliarvioida Shuren klassikkomikkien todellista vaikutusta, silloin kun ne ilmestyivät audiomiesten työkalupakkeihin 1930-60-luvuilla. Shuren SM57 ja SM58 näkyvät edelleen laajassa käytössä maailman lavoilla ja studioissa.

Shure-tuotteiden alkuperäinen myyntivaltti oli, että firman hyvänsoundiset mikrofonit kestivät mukisematta kovaakin käyttöä. Vuodesta 1939 Shuren mikkeillä on vahvistettu lukemattomia keikkoja, luentoja ja lähetyksiä. Ja matka jatkuu edelleen…

Katsotaan tässä jutussa hieman Shure-klassikoiden historiaa – mukana ovat mallit 55SH Series II, 545SD Unidyne III, 565SD Unisphere I, SM57, sekä SM58.

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1930-luvun puolivälissä ääniteknikot olivat jo tulleet siihen johtopäätökseen, että pallokuvioiset mikrofonit eivät olleet parhaita työkaluja live-äänen vahvistamiseen, niiden suuren feedback-riskin takia. Ratkaisukin tähän ongelmaan oli jo löydetty – se oli suunnattu mikrofoni (engl. unidirectional microphone) eli se, mitä nykyään tunnemme herttakuvioisena mikrofonina (engl. cardioid mic).

Suunnattu mikrofoni poimii äänen edestä ja hylkää suurimman osan sivuilta ja takaa tulevasta äänestä. Herttakuvio saavutetaan kontrolloidulla vaihevirheellä. 1930-luvun puolivälissä ainoat mikrofonit, jotka tarjosivat herttakuvion, olivat joko herkät ja kalliit kondensaattorimikrofonit (kahden membraanin kapselilla) tai isot ja kömpelöt kahdella kapselilla varustetut dynaamiset mallit (joissa usein yhdistetiin pallokuvioinen tavallinen dynaaminen kapseli, sekä nauhamikkiosio jolla oli suuntakuviona kahdeksikko).

Kaikkein tärkein läpimurto, joka teki Shuren ikonista Model 55 -mikkiä mahdolliseksi, oli Ben Bauerin Unidyne-kapseli. Liikkuvalla kelalla toimiva Unidyne-kapseli onnistuu hylkäämään takaa tulevat äänet kapselin monimutkaisen äänikanava-järjestelmän avulla, joka johtaa takaa tulevat äänet useiden eri reittien kautta membraanille, mikä puolestaan johtaa kontrolloituun vaihevirheen. Vaihevirheen ansiosta mikrofonin takaa tulvat signaalit putoavat mikrofonin vahvistetusta signaalista pois.

Shuren suunnitteluryhmä myös onnistui keksimään 55-mallille hyvin tukevan ja (siihen aikaan) kompaktin metallirungon, valmiiksi sisäänrakennetulla kääntevällä adapterilla.

Alkuperäinen Shure Model 55 (tunnetaan nykyään nimellä ”Fat Boy” sen suuremman, pyöreän kotelon vuoksi) oli se, mitä äänimiehet olivat odottaneet. Tässä oli kompakti mikrofoni, joka mahdollisti signaalin voimakasta vahvistusta vain pienellä feedback-vaaralla. Lisäksi 55:n soundi oli laadukas, ja mikrofoni itse hyvin tukevasti toteutettu.

Vuonna 1951 Shure 55 sai päivitetyn kapselin (Unidyne II), sekä vielä kompaktimman rungon (Shure 55SH; SH = small housing).

Mikin nykyinen versio – Shure 55SH Series II – ilmestyi 1980-luvun lopussa. Kapseli oli jälleen päivitetty (Unidyne III) ja samalla kapselin ripustusta on parannettu. Mikronissa on nytkin edellisen version päälle/pois-kytkin.

Koska 55SH oli se mikrofoni, jolla nuori Elvis nähtiin usein, tätä ikonista Shure-mallia kutsutaan edelleen laajalti ”Elvis-mikrofoniksi”.

Vaikka Shure 55SH Series II nähdään nykyään usein pelkkänä rekvisiittana filmeissä, musiikkivideoissa ja mainoksissa – etenkin jos halutaan välittää tiettyä vanhan ajan hohtoa – on tämä malli edelleen validi valinta livekäyttöön.

Kapselin sijoituksesta suuren metallikotelon sisällä johtuu 55SH:n hieman keskivoittoinen klangi (jos vertaa nykymikkeihin). Malli on myös hieman herkempi puhallusäänille ja koville konsonanteille (p, t, k), mikä on otettavaa huomioon laulajan mikrofonitekniikassa.

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1950-luvun lopulla tyylit, musiikin genret ja tekniikka olivat kaikki edenneet, ja ääniteknikot alkoivat pyytää entistä pienempiä mikrofoneja.

Ernie Seeler -niminen Shuren insinööri sai aikaansa aikamoisen jättipotin kehittämällä kaikkien aikojen ensimmäisen kädellä pidettävän dynaamisen mikin, johon laulettiin (tai puhuttiin) sen edestä (engl. end-firing).

Tätä vuonna 1959 esiteltyä uutta mallia kutsuttiin nimellä Shure 545SD. 545SD sisälsi useita parannuksia, joista tärkein oli pneumaattisesti asennettu Unidyne III -kapseli.

Kapselin pneumaattinen iskunvaimennus vähensi käsittelyääniä huomattavasti ja teki mikrofonin pitämisestä kädessä realistisen vaihtoehdon ensimmäistä kertaa mikrofonien historiassa.

Shuren 545SD:ssä voi vaihtaa matalasta impedanssista korkeaan, koska 50-luvun lopussa (ja 60-luvun alussa) oli vielä runsaasti korkeaimpedanssisia äänilaitteita. Nykyään enimmäkseen Blues-harpun soittajat käyttävät high-Z-asetusta mikrofonin liittämiseen suoraan kitaravahvistimeen.

Ernie Seeler kehitti myös nerokkaan magneettisen päälle/pois-kytkimen, joka ei poksahda tai rätisee käytössä, ja joka voidaan myös haluttaessa lukita ”päällä”-asentoon.

Vaikka Shure 545SD nähdään nykyään enemmän instrumenttimikrofonina, se oli aikoinaan myös erittäin suosittu valinta laulajien keskuudessa. Esimerkiksi Beach Boys -yhtiön Brian Wilson valitsi usein studiossa 545SD:n laulumikrofoniksi ”Pet Sounds-” ja ”Smiley Smile” -sessioiden aikana.

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Ernie Seeler vei asioita vielä hieman pidemmälle seuraavalla luomuksellaan – Shure 565SD Unisphere I.

Shure 565SD perustuu 545SD:hen, mutta se lisää malliin tukevan pallomaisen tuulisuojan. Sisäänrakennettua pop-filtteriä on erittäin helppo vaihtaa, jos se vaurioituu vakavasti.

Sen lisäksi, että pallofiltteri suodattaa onnistuneesti puhallusäänet ja konsonantit 565SD:n signaalista, se johtaa myös hieman erilaiseen taajuusvasteeseen verrattuna 545SD:hen.

565SD:n suuri suosio on tehty mallin ulkomuodosta jonkinlaista kultastandardia laulumikrofoniksi. Sen legendaarinen asema johtuu osittain myös siitä, että se valittiin ainoaksi mikrofonimalliksi alkuperäisessä Woodstock-festarissa. Shure 565SD oli myös Freddie Mercuryn suosikki live-mikrofoni (”Eeeeeeeee-jo!”).

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Syy siihen, miksi Shuren SM57 esiteltiin niin pian 545SD:n jälkeen, löytyy television suosiosta 1960-luvulla.

TV-studiot rakastivat 545SD:n ääntä ja kompaktia kokoa, mutta he eivät pitäneet Shure-mallin kiiltävistä, heijastavista pinnoista, jotka tekivät valaisemisesta vaikeaa.

Shure SM57 -malli (”SM” tarkoittaa ”studiomikrofonia”) ratkaisi nämä ongelmat tarjoamalla mikrofonin, jonka muoto on sama kuin 545SD:ssä, mutta joka on nyt päällystetty heijastamattomalla, mattapintaisella ja tummanharmaalla viimeistelyllä. Samaan aikaan Seeler ja hänen tiiminsä poistivat myös kaksoisimpedanssiominaisuuden – joka oli tarpeeton ammattimaisessa TV-studiossa – ja on/off-kytkimen, jota ei haluttu TV-studiossa. He myös hienosäätivät osan kapselin teknisistä yksityiskohdista.

Vaikka Shure SM57:ää mainostetaan instrumenttimikrofonina, se toimii myös erittäin hyvin laulumikrofonina. Hyviä esimerkkejä ovat lukemattomat Status Quon ja Motörheadin live-esitykset, sekä SM57:n käyttö laulumikrofonina Peter Gabrielin klassikkoalbuminsa ”So” äänityksissä.

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Shure SM58 on 565SD-mallille sama kuin SM57 on 545SD:lle – hieman parannettu, uudempi versio, joka on tehty erityisesti TV-studion valaistukseen.

SM58:n rungossa on sama tummanharmaa mattapinta, joka löytyy myös SM57:stä.

Pallomuotoista pop-filtteriäkin on uudistettu entistäkin tukevammaksi, ja sen pinnoite on heijastamaton.

Shuren SM58 on kenties maailman tunnetuin laulumikki ikinä, joka löytyy lähes kaikista konserttipaikoista.

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Olen tehnyt muutaman videon, josta saa käsityksen siitä, miltä nämä klassikkomikrofonit kuulostavat.

Shure’s dynamic classics – keeping the show on the road since 1939

In this world of ever-heightening hyperbole, it is hard to overstate the impact Shure’s classic dynamic microphone models had when they first came out in the Thirties, Forties, Fifties and Sixties of the last century. This impact can still be felt today – the Shure SM57 and SM58 models are continuing to be ubiquitous on stages and in studios all over the globe.

What Shure managed to do then – and continues to do to this day – was to come up with sturdy, yet good sounding mics that put the proverbial show on the road in 1939. And the show still goes on…

Let’s take a look at the history and the features of Shure’s bonafide classics – the 55SH Series II, the 545SD Unidyne III, the 565SD Unisphere I, the SM57, and the SM58.

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By the mid-1930s sound engineers had already come to the conclusion that omnidirectional microphones weren’t really the best tools for live sound applications, due to the high risk of feedback from the PA system. The solution to this problem had also been found already – the unidirectional microphone, or what we now know as the cardioid mic.

The cardioid mic picks up sound from its front, while rejecting most of the sound coming in from the sides and the back. The cardioid pattern is achieved by controlled phase cancellation. In the mid-1930s the only microphones offering a cardioid pickup pattern were either delicate and expensive condenser microphones (with two wafer-thin diaphragms) or cumbersome twin-capsule dynamic models (often combining an omnidirectional moving-coil dynamic with a figure-8 ribbon capsule).

The all-important breakthrough that made Shure’s iconic Model 55 possible was Ben Bauer’s development of the Unidyne-capsule. The moving-coil Unidyne-capsule manages to reject sound from the back by an elaborate system of air vents in the cartridge that lead to the sound from the back travelling to the diaphragm in several different ways, which in turn results in controlled phase cancellation.

Shure’s R & D team also managed to come up with a – for that time – extremely compact and very sturdy cast metal housing with a built-in swivel adapter.

The original Shure Model 55 (today known as the ”Fat Boy” for its larger, rounded housing) was what sound engineers had waited for. Here was a compact mic that gave you superior gain-before-feedback coupled with a very decent sound quality in a sturdy, roadworthy package.

In 1951 the Shure 55 was overhauled with an improved Unidyne II capsule and a smaller housing (55SH).

The current model – the Shure 55SH Series II – was introduced in the late 1980s, and features an updated cartridge (the Unidyne III) and an improved shock-mount for the capsule. It kept the on/off-switch from its predecessor.

Due to the fact that the 55SH was the mic that the young Elvis was often seen with, this iconic Shure is still widely called the ”Elvis mic”.

The Shure 55SH Series II still does have a place as a ”working mic”, besides being used in movies, commercials and music videos, whenever the makers try to delve into vintage chic and panache.

Due to the placement of the cartridge inside the large metal housing the 55SH’s sound is a little bit more mid-centred than more modern dynamic vocal mics. It can also be a tad more sensitive to wind noise and plosives, which has to be taken into account during the placement and use of the microphone.

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By the late 1950s times, styles, musical genres and technology had all moved on, and sound technicians started to ask for even smaller microphones.

A Shure engineer by the name of Ernie Seeler hit the proverbial jackpot by developing the first-ever handheld, end-firing, unidirectional moving-coil microphone.

This new model – introduced in 1959 – was called the Shure 545SD. The 545SD encompassed a whole number of improvements, the most important one being the pneumatically mounted Unidyne III capsule.

The pneumatic shock-mount reduces handling noise drastically, and it made holding the microphone in your hand a realistic option for the first time.

The Shure 545SD is a dual-impedance mic, because back in the late-50s/early-60s there was still plenty of high-impedance audio equipment around. These days it’s mostly Blues harp players, who use the high-Z setting to connect the mic to a guitar amplifier.

Ernie Seeler also came up with an ingenious magnetic on/off-switch that doesn’t pop or crackle in use, and that can also be locked in the ”on” position if desired.

Although the Shure 545SD is seen more as an instrument microphone these days, it was also a very popular choice for singers back in the day. The Beach Boys’ Brian Wilson often chose a 545SD in the studio for his lead vocals during the ”Pet Sounds” and ”Smiley Smile” era.

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Ernie Seeler took things a little bit further with his next design – the Shure 565SD Unisphere I.

The Shure 565SD is based on the 545SD, but adds a sturdy spheric windshield to the design. The built-in pop filter is very easy to replace, should it become seriously damaged.

In addition to improving the 565SD’s resistance to plosives and wind noise, the ball grille also leads to a slightly different frequency response, when compared to the 545SD.

The success of the 565SD has meant that its look has become the gold standard for handheld vocal microphones. Its legendary status is due to the fact that it was chosen as the only microphone model at the original Woodstock Festival. The Shure 565SD was also Freddie Mercury’s preferred live mic (”Aaayeee-oh!”).

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The reason Shure followed up the 545SD with the SM57 so quickly can be found in the popularity of TV in the 1960s.

TV studios loved the sound and compact size of the 545SD, but they disliked the shiny, reflective surfaces of the Shure model, that made lighting a chore.

The Shure SM57 (the ”SM” stands for ”studio mic”) addressed these issues, by providing a mic with the same slim shape as the 545SD, but now clad in a non-reflective, matte dark gray finish. While they were at it, Seeler and his team also did away with the dual-impedance feature – that was unnecessary in the professional TV studio – and with the on/off-switch – that was unwanted in the TV studio. They also fine-tuned the capsule’s detailed specifications.

Again, although the Shure SM57 is touted as an instrument microphone, it also performs very well as a vocal mic. Good examples are many live shows of Status Quo and Motörhead, as well as Peter Gabriel’s use of the SM57 for vocals during the recording of his classic album ”So”.

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The Shure SM58 is to the 565SD what the SM57 is to the 545SD – a slightly redesigned, newer version, made especially for use under TV studio lighting.

The SM58’s body sports the same dark gray matte finish also found on the SM57.

The ball grille has been redesigned to be even sturdier. Its finish is a non-reflective light gray.

The Shure SM58 is a true million-seller that has stood the test of time. This model can be found in most venues all over the globe.

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I’ve prepared a few videos to give you an idea of how these five classics perform.

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